Culture
Where Are All the Fictional Movies About Climate Change?
Climate shouldn’t be only a story for documentaries.
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Climate shouldn’t be only a story for documentaries.
America should eat more chicken. But how many is too many?
On climate-friendly toys, the Sunrise Movement, and solar-powered schools
On the storm’s trajectory, solar cell tariffs, and adapting to extreme heat
An animation historian on Reddy Kilowatt, the cartoon charged with electrifying everything in the early 20th century.
Stanford’s Rob Jackson discusses methane, the “my-ocene,” and his new book, Into the Clear Blue Sky.
On the Park Fire, coastal climate resilience, and flight delays
Current conditions: Eastern Bolivia declared an extreme weather state of emergency through the end of the year • The Chinese province of Fujian has recorded 1.6 feet of rain since Wednesday • Rain in Paris is threatening to make for a soggy Olympics opening ceremony.
Massive wildfires are burning in western states and in Canada, sending plumes of smoke fanning out across the U.S. Triple-digit heat has fueled the fire conditions, but some cooler weather is expected over the weekend.
California’s Park Fire: The 165,000-acre inferno is located in Butte and Tehama counties in northern California. It ignited on Wednesday and exploded quickly to become the state’s largest wildfire of the year, burning an area equivalent to 50 football fields a minute. As of this morning the fire was 3% contained. A suspect has been arrested and is accused of starting the fire when he pushed a burning car into a gully. The state’s acreage burned so far is roughly twice the average for this time of year.
The Park Fire burns in California.CSU/CIRA & NOAA
Oregon’s Durkee Fire: Located near the Oregon-Idaho border, this is currently the largest active fire in the U.S., covering 270,000 acres. A lightning strike is thought to have sparked the blaze on July 17. High winds, extreme heat, and dry conditions have fanned the flames. Air quality alerts are in place for eastern Oregon. Denver and Chicago also experienced a dip in air quality.
Canada’s Jasper Wildfire Complex: Wildfires engulfed the tourist town of Jasper in the Alberta province, leaving half the town in ruins. Roughly 89,000 acres have burned and 25,000 people were forced to evacuate. Rain and cooler weather brought some relief last night. So far 5.7 million acres have burned in Canada this year, surpassing the annual average.
While North America burns, parts of Asia are seeing unprecedented rainfall and flooding. Typhoon Gaemi lashed China, Taiwan, and the Philippines this week, killing at least 21 people and capsizing an oil tanker. Researchers say climate change is altering rainfall patterns globally, resulting in less frequent but much stronger typhoons. A new study published in the journal Science concluded that about 75% of the world’s land area has seen more extreme swings between wet and dry conditions. “This is going to increase as global warming continues, enhancing the chances of droughts and/or floods,” the researchers said.
The Biden administration today announced the 19 projects that are slated to receive part of $575 million in funding through NOAA’s Climate Resilience Regional Challenge to boost coastal climate resilience. The projects are located across 15 states. Some of the largest grants are going to Alaska ($78.9 million), Washington state ($75.6 million), and New Jersey ($72.5 million). NOAA said the program received 870 applications, making it “one of the most popular Inflation Reduction Act programs.” Here’s the full list of projects.
Plans are underway to build a solar cell factory in Minneapolis. The project is a joint venture between Canadian solar panel maker Heliene and India’s solar cell maker Premier Energies. It’ll produce an annual aggregate capacity of 1 GW N-Type cells. “This is great news for the U.S.,” wrote Michelle Lewis at Electrek, “as there is currently a shortage of U.S. solar cell manufacturing capacity.” It’s good news, too, for solar panel makers that need American-made cells in order to qualify for new subsidies. Heliene credited the Inflation Reduction Act’s tax credits for spurring its decision to invest in U.S. solar.
About 140 flights out of Germany’s busiest airport were canceled yesterday because climate activists glued themselves to the runway. The protest is part of a larger coordinated movement between climate groups across Europe to disrupt airport activity and call for an international agreement to phase out fossil fuels. Airports in Finland, Spain, Norway, Austria, Switzerland, and the U.K. have also been targeted in recent days. The months of June through August mark Europe’s busiest travel season.
United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres issued an urgent call yesterday for global action to protect people and economies from the growing threat of extreme heat. The message included four imperatives: protecting the most world’s vulnerable populations by expanding access to low-carbon cooling technologies, protecting workers with better workplace heat regulations, strengthening resilience through climate action plans, and phasing out fossil fuels. This week saw the hottest-ever recorded global average temperature. “The message is clear: the heat is on,” Guterres said. “Extreme heat is having an extreme impact on people and planet. The world must rise to the challenge of rising temperatures.” In the U.S., extreme heat kills more people every year than all other extreme weather events combined.
“The Green New Deal may not have been signed into law in its pure form, but it did what its advocates hoped: It captured the conversation around climate and was adopted to a great extent by an entire political party. And much of what it sought has found its way into law and policy. So while Trump may call it a scam, it looks a lot like a triumph.” –Paul Waldman writing for Heatmap.
This weekend, millions of Americans were reminded that we are living in extraordinary times. At moments, it almost seemed like you could feel our place in the great continuum of history — at once stretching backward to those who came before us while also extending forward, onward, to those who’ve been passed the torch.
I am talking, of course, about the Twister sequel.
Twisters touched down in theaters last Friday, nearly 30 years after its precursor was released on LaserDisc and VHS with a message from the FEMA administrator to “never try to outdrive a tornado.” For Hollywood reboots and the meteorological sciences both, three decades is an eon; Twisters’ lead actress, Daisy Edgar-Jones, was born two years after Twister premiered, and while Helen Hunt’s Jo had dreamed of improving tornado warning times in the mid-1990s, the Millennial storm chasers in Twisters own drones and plausibly discuss snuffing out the storms entirely. (Speaking of warnings: There are spoilers ahead.)
Twisters is a movie that loves science and shows its work. Director Lee Isaac Chung reportedly consulted researchers from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and elsewhere to get the basic facts right, and in the opening minutes of the film, the screenplay debunks the common “one Mississippi” method of calculating a storm’s distance (in case you’re not familiar, here’s an explanation); casually references Lagrangian mechanics; and features a memorable PSA on why you should never use an overpass for shelter during a tornado. Twisters protagonists work for, or use taxpayer-funded technologies from, NOAA, the National Weather Service, and the military — a particularly meaningful inclusion at a time when government-funded science is under open threat by one of the leading candidates for highest office.
Even Twisters’ lack of focus on climate change is relatively accurate: While it might feel odd for there not to be an obvious climate nod in a weather disaster movie, scientists still haven’t demonstrated a strong correlation between global warming and tornadoes. Suggesting otherwise might actually have done more damage to public understanding by blurring the line between a frightening enough reality and Hollywood fiction in the name of topical relevance.
Still, Twisters does take some dramatic liberties. At one point, a weaker EF1 tornado breaks the blade off a wind turbine, which probably wouldn’t happen. The most egregious liberty, however, comes at the end of the film, when a tornado runs through an oil and gas refinery and wreaks havoc on the town of El Reno, Oklahoma. “The shelters are full; we’ve got to get everyone to the movie theater!” one character shouts when it becomes clear El Reno is on the verge of catastrophe. (I bet Warner Bros. loved that one.) But at just the moment when the tornado rips out the wall of the theater, turning the defacto shelter full of innocent people into the suck zone, Edgar-Jones’ character Kate is able to deploy a technology that decreases the moisture inside the twister, making it instantly collapse and dissolve.
To be clear, this is about as scientifically accurate as a Sharknado. Though the mechanics are real — Kate shoots the tornado with silver iodide, currently used in cloud seeding, to induce moisture, then saps the storm of water using sodium polyacrylate — the amount of absorbent material required to actually “tame” a tornado would be impossible to deploy. A twister also wouldn’t vanish instantly even if enough chemicals somehow could disrupt its moisture content. As Kevin Kelleher, a scientist who consulted on both Twister(s), told The New York Times, it would likely take closer to 15 to 20 minutes for a storm to — again, theoretically — collapse.
What is more interesting than Twisters’ dubious tornado-taming technique, though, is that it’s a rare positive example of geoengineering in an American film. Prior to Friday, the most memorable example of geoengineering in a widely seen movie was in Snowpiercer, where an attempt to correct global warming goes so awry that Chris Evans is forced to live on a train and eat babies. (This is a safe space from discussion of Geostorm.)
Twisters never reaches the point of exploring the ethics or potential downsides of Kate’s geoengineering experiment, and the credits roll over magazine and newspaper articles lauding her for “Taking Weather Science by Storm.” But Chung, the director, doesn’t let the moment pass entirely unremarked upon, either. The movie showing in the theater when the tornado hits El Reno is Frankenstein — perhaps our most famous parable about the hubris of playing God.
Movies don’t need to be accurate to be good, but Twisters nevertheless makes research and data the objective, nerds the hot heroes, and real-life scientists the background extras. In keeping with its dedication to science, it also takes geoengineering out of the realm of the dystopic; while there are plenty of people still staunchly opposed to climate modification, it is also no longer “one of climate science’s biggest taboos,” as my colleague Robinson Meyer has written.
Far more importantly, though, Twisters is a blast. It never tries to be anything more than what it is: a popcorn-worthy romantic disaster movie. Accuracy is just the cherry on top for us weather nerds in the audience; as one character rightly puts it: “Smile man — science is fun.”